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class=""> <a href="/jiaocheng/co-1115.html"> <ul></a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/jiaocheng/co-1116.html"> <var></a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/jiaocheng/co-1117.html"> <video></a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/jiaocheng/co-1118.html"> <wbr></a> </li> </ul> </div>  <div id='write' class='is-node'> <h1 class="border-b-none"><a name="" class="md-header-anchor"></a><span> HTTP 方法</span></h1> <div class="pre-and-next"> <a href="co-995.html">上一篇： HTTP 消息</a> <a href="co-997.html" >下一篇： Px/Em 换算工具 </a> </div> <div class="article-intro" id="content"><hr/><p class="intro">两种最常用的 HTTP 方法是：GET 和 POST。</p><hr/><h2>什么是 HTTP ？</h2><p>超文本传输协议（HTTP）的设计目的是保证客户端与服务器之间的通信。</p><p>HTTP 的工作方式是客户端与服务器之间的请求-应答协议。</p><p>web 浏览器可能是客户端，而计算机上的网络应用程序也可能作为服务器端。</p><p>举例：客户端（浏览器）向服务器提交 HTTP 请求；服务器向客户端返回响应。响应包含关于请求的状态信息以及可能被请求的内容。</p><hr/><h2>两种 HTTP 请求方法：GET 和 POST</h2><p>在客户机和服务器之间进行请求-响应时，两种最常被用到的方法是：GET 和 POST。</p><ul> <li><b>GET</b> - 从指定的资源请求数据。</li> <li><b>POST</b> - 向指定的资源提交要被处理的数据。</li> </ul><hr/><h2>GET 方法</h2><p><b>请注意，查询字符串（名称/值对）是在 GET 请求的 URL 中发送的：</b></p><div class="code notranslate"> <div> /test/demo_form.php<b>?name1=value1&name2=value2</b> </div></div><p><b>有关 GET 请求的其他一些注释：</b></p><ul> <li>GET 请求可被缓存</li> <li>GET 请求保留在浏览器历史记录中</li> <li>GET 请求可被收藏为书签</li> <li>GET 请求不应在处理敏感数据时使用</li> <li>GET 请求有长度限制</li> <li>GET 请求只应当用于取回数据</li> </ul><hr/><h2>POST 方法</h2><p><b>请注意，查询字符串（名称/值对）是在 POST 请求的 HTTP 消息主体中发送的：</b></p><div class="code notranslate"> <div> POST /test/demo_form.php HTTP/1.1<br/> Host: json.cn<br/> <b>name1=value1&name2=value2</b> </div></div><p><b>有关 POST 请求的其他一些注释：</b></p><ul> <li>POST 请求不会被缓存</li> <li>POST 请求不会保留在浏览器历史记录中</li> <li>POST 不能被收藏为书签</li> <li>POST 请求对数据长度没有要求</li> </ul><hr/><h2>比较 GET 与 POST</h2><p>下面的表格比较了两种 HTTP 方法：GET 和 POST。</p><table class="reference notranslate"> <tbody><tr> <th align="left" width="30%"> </th> <th align="left" width="35%">GET</th> <th align="left" width="35%">POST</th> </tr> <tr> <td>后退按钮/刷新</td> <td>无害</td> <td>数据会被重新提交（浏览器应该告知用户数据会被重新提交）。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>书签</td> <td>可收藏为书签</td> <td>不可收藏为书签</td> </tr> <tr> <td>缓存</td> <td>能被缓存</td> <td>不能缓存</td> </tr> <tr> <td>编码类型</td> <td>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</td> <td>application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data。为二进制数据使用多重编码。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>历史</td> <td>参数保留在浏览器历史中。</td> <td>参数不会保存在浏览器历史中。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>对数据长度的限制</td> <td>是的。当发送数据时，GET 方法向 URL 添加数据；URL 的长度是受限制的（URL 的最大长度是 2048 个字符）。</td> <td>无限制。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>对数据类型的限制</td> <td>只允许 ASCII 字符。</td> <td>没有限制。也允许二进制数据。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>安全性</td> <td>与 POST 相比，GET 的安全性较差，因为所发送的数据是 URL 的一部分。<br/> <br/> 在发送密码或其他敏感信息时绝不要使用 GET ！</td> <td>POST 比 GET 更安全，因为参数不会被保存在浏览器历史或 web 服务器日志中。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>可见性</td> <td>数据在 URL 中对所有人都是可见的。</td> <td>数据不会显示在 URL 中。</td> </tr> </tbody></table><hr/><h2>其他 HTTP 请求方法</h2><p>下面的表格列出了其他一些 HTTP 请求方法：</p><table class="reference notranslate" id="table1"> <tbody><tr> <th align="left" width="15%">方法</th> <th align="left" width="85%">描述</th> </tr> <tr> <td>HEAD</td> <td>与 GET 相同，但只返回 HTTP 报头，不返回文档主体。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>PUT</td> <td>上传指定的 URI 表示。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DELETE</td> <td>删除指定资源。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>OPTIONS</td> <td>返回服务器支持的 HTTP 方法。</td> </tr> <tr> <td>CONNECT</td> <td>把请求连接转换到透明的 TCP/IP 通道。</td> </tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="pre-and-next"> <a href="co-995.html">上一篇： HTTP 消息</a> <a href="co-997.html" >下一篇： Px/Em 换算工具 </a> </div> </div> <div class="right-nav-con" id="rightNavCon"> <ul id="rightNavList"> <li><strong>分类导航</strong></li> <li data-type="dropdown"> <a href="javascript:;">HTML/CSS  <i class="opacity-5 fa fa-angle-down" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <dl class="height-0"> <dd><a href="/jiaocheng/bootstrap/" class="">Bootstrap 教程</a></dd> <dd><a href="/jiaocheng/bootstrap4/" class="">Bootstrap4 教程</a></dd> <dd><a href="/jiaocheng/css/" class="">CSS 教程</a></dd> <dd><a href="/jiaocheng/css3/" class="">CSS3 教程</a></dd> <dd><a href="/jiaocheng/html/" class="">HTML 教程</a></dd> 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